Kinetic: The PhyMath Quiz (Week 4)

This is going to be a weekly quiz on topics from Science and Mathematics. Every week, we will upload 5 questions. The answers to those questions will be uploaded in a week. You can try and answer them in the comments section and later match your answers with the correct ones. While answering questions, try and also mention your name, if not via an account, then at the end of your comment. Answers without names will be removed.

Set 4:

1) Astronomer X served for the United states army during world war 1 and rose to the rank of a major. X was the first to observe galaxies and celestial objects outside the milky way and prove that universe exists beyond the milky way. A very important discovery about the universe was made by X but he was unable to explain it theoretically. Y on hearing about the discovery was able to explain it based on his own theory. X has an astronomical instrument Z named on him. Identify X, Y and Z.

(Question by Deepanshu, I Physics)

2) X was a child prodigy growing up in East Texas who always aimed to win the Nobel Prize.
The realization of this dream only got more special when he won it with his beloved wife. But as obnoxious as he got sometimes, he had planned to snarkily comment in his Nobel acceptance speech that the prizes for literature, peace and economics were "goofy", only to be reprimanded by his neurobiologist wife.
Contrary to X, Y was not exactly thrilled at the idea of him winning the prize and had angrily hung up on the person who informed him about it for disturbing his afternoon sleep. In a published collections of his conversations with his friend, a chapter named 'Alfred Nobel other mistake' reminisces Y's irritation at all the unwanted attention he got after winning the prize. X and Y are both theoretical physicists who have spent most of their lives in Caltech and have audiences who admire them beyond measure. We love X on screen and Y for his books and maybe much more than that.

ID X, Y.

(Question by Swapnila, I Physics)

3) The peregrine falcon can reach speeds of over 320 km/h during its characteristic hunting dive making it the fastest member of the animal kingdom. It is interesting to note that they do not dive straight towards their prey because their eyes are located on the side of their heads. The falcon can’t keep their eye on the target unless they tilt their head to the side to see their target with one eye clearly.  This small head tilt would decrease their streamline nature to such a degree that it isn’t worth it to do that. Instead, they have developed an energy efficient technique to keep their prey always in sight. By employing this technique the bird minimizes drag, maintains top flying speed, the shortest time of descent and the ability to constantly view its target. Identify the technique which can be defined using a mathematical structure. 

(Question by Rahul, II Physics)

4) Conseils X are among the most famous gatherings in chemistry and physics. They are an important part of the history and development of science and through the decades have been associated with an astonishing number of Nobel Laureates. It's an invitation-only event, making it very exclusive too. The first such occurrence, held at the invitation of Belgian industrialist X, had Albert Einstein as the second youngest physicist present. 

ID X.

(Question by Paul, I Physics)

5) Lissajous figures (also called Bowditch curves) are the figures described by the projections of perpendicularly oscillating bodies. The visual form of these curves is often suggestive of a three-dimensional knot. Lissajous figures were sometimes displayed on oscilloscopes meant to simulate high-tech equipment in science-fiction TV shows and movies in the 1960s and 1970s. But the most famous use of these figures in cinema come in a 1958 iconic film, in a title sequence made by John Whitney. The use of these rotating figures is iconic as it gives a hint to the protagonist's condition, which is also the title of the film. Give the name of the film.

(Question by Rohit, II Physics)

Answers for set 3:

1) X- Sir Fred Hoyle; Y- Nucleosynthesis.

2) Y- 137; X- Wolfgang Pauli.

3) X- St. Elmo's Fire.

4) X- Boeing.

5) Y- Kellogg's; X- Neutrinos; Z- Cheerios.

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