Kinetic: The PhyMath Quiz (Week 2)

This is going to be a weekly quiz on topics from Science and Mathematics. Every week, we will upload 5 questions. The answers to those questions will be uploaded in a week. You can try and answer them in the comments section and later match your answers with the correct ones. While answering questions, try and also mention your name, if not via an account, then at the end of your comment.

Set 2:

1) The phenomenon is named after the Soviet scientist X , the 1958 Nobel Prize winner, who was the first to detect it experimentally under the supervision of Sergey Vavilov at the Lebedev Institute in 1934. Therefore, it is also known as Y-X radiation. X saw a faint bluish light around a radioactive preparation in water during experiments. His doctorate thesis was on luminescence of uranium salt solutions that were excited by gamma rays instead of less energetic visible light, as done commonly. He discovered the anisotropy of the radiation and came to the conclusion that the bluish glow was not a fluorescent phenomenon.

A theory of this effect was later developed in 1937 within the framework of Einstein's special relativity theory by X's colleagues Igor Tamm and Ilya Frank, who also shared the 1958 Nobel Prize. Give me the name of the phenomenon.

(Question by Adis, II Physics)

2) The no-____ theorem states that all black hole solutions of the Einstein–Maxwell equations of gravitation and electromagnetism in general relativity can be completely characterized by only three externally observable classical parameters: mass, electric charge, and angular momentum. All other information (for which ____ is a metaphor) about the matter which formed a black hole or is falling into it, "disappears" behind the black-hole event horizon and is therefore permanently inaccessible to external observers. Physicist John Archibald Wheeler expressed this idea with the phrase "black holes have no ____" which was the origin of the name.
The origin of the term is that for most people, ____ is their defining characteristics as well as the abundance or lack of thus. Fill in the blank with something that a trichologist will work with. Fill in the blank (FITB). (Same blank, length indicative)

(Question by Rohit, II Physics)

3) Wolfgang Paul was a German physicist, who co-developed the non-magnetic quadrupole mass filter which laid the foundation for what is now called an ion trap. He jokingly referred to Wolfgang Pauli as his ___. (Blanks not indicative) FITB.
(Question by Rahul, II Physics)

4) X tree is a hypothetical genetically engineered tree capable of growing inside a comet, suggested by the physicist X. It has been mentioned a number of times in science fiction. Plants could produce a breathable atmosphere within hollow spaces in the comet, utilising solar energy for photosynthesis and cometary materials for nutrients, thus providing self-sustaining habitats for humanity in the outer solar system analogous to a greenhouse in space. Give X.

(Question by Rahul, II Physics)

5) The ouroboros or uroboros is an ancient symbol depicting a serpent or dragon eating its own tail. Originating in ancient Egyptian iconography, the ouroboros entered western tradition via Greek magical tradition and was adopted as a symbol of alchemy.
It is said that the structure of X was discovered, when Y had a dream about this exact symbol. Y said "I dreamt that one of the snakes had seized hold of its own tail, and the form whirled mockingly before my eyes". Give me X and Y. Hint:

(Question by Rohit, II Physics)

Answers for set 1:

1) X- Freeman Dyson; Y- Albert Einstein; Z- Julius Robert Oppenheimer

2) Graphene

3) Leonardo Da Vinci

4) X- Alice; Y- Bob; Z- Charlie

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